Although particularly common in older patients, facet joint osteoarthritis is often overlooked or diagnosed late. This insidious disease, also known as spondylarthrosis, affects over 40 percent of people over the age of 40 and can lead to significant limitations in quality of life.

In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for facet joint osteoarthritis. We will also introduce the experienced, highly specialized Apex-Spine spine center in Munich, which supports patients in finding relief and improving their quality of life.

What are facet joints and what is facet joint arthrosis?

The facet joints are small joints at the back of the vertebrae that support the mobility of the spine and provide stability. Facet joint arthrosis occurs when the cartilage of these joints deteriorates and inflammation or degeneration sets in. This type of arthrosis is a degenerative disease often triggered by aging, overuse, or injury, and can develop over years.

Causes of facet joint arthrosis

The main causes of facet joint arthrosis are degenerative changes in the joints, especially in the spine, which are often caused by age-related wear and tear, genetic predisposition, or certain poor posture. Excessive strain, such as heavy lifting or improper body mechanics, can also lead to deterioration of the cartilage tissue in the facet joints. Excess weight can also exert additional pressure on the spine and promote the development of arthrosis.

Recognizing symptoms of facet joint arthrosis

Typical symptoms of facet joint arthrosis are chronic back pain, which often worsens in certain positions or movements. Other signs include stiffness in the back, especially after prolonged sitting or lying down, as well as a pinching or pulling sensation in the back that may radiate into the legs. In more severe cases, numbness or weakness in the legs may also occur, which may indicate nerve irritation.

Diagnosis: The right path to professional assessment

To correctly diagnose facet joint arthrosis, a thorough medical history and physical examination are required. In many cases, imaging studies, such as X-rays or MRI, are used to determine the degree of facet joint degeneration. A professional diagnosis is crucial for selecting the appropriate treatment and should be performed by a specialist in orthopedics or spine surgery.

Treatment approaches: Conservative and surgical solutions

Treatment for facet joint arthrosis initially involves conservative methods. Medications such as anti-inflammatory painkillers, physical therapy, and targeted physiotherapy can help relieve pain and inflammation. In some cases, injections, such as facet infiltrations with cortisone, are used to specifically treat the painful joints.

For patients in whom conservative treatments do not result in sufficient improvement, surgery may be considered. However, surgery is generally only recommended when pain is significant and quality of life is severely impaired.

Self-help and lifestyle changes

Patients can actively contribute to their recovery by regularly incorporating light exercise and targeted back training sessions into their daily routine. Exercises such as swimming, cycling, and yoga are generally well-tolerated and strengthen the muscles. It is advisable to avoid sports that place additional strain on the spine. Advising on a healthy diet and avoiding excess weight are also important to relieve strain on the spine.

Is facet joint arthrosis curable?

While facet joint arthrosis itself cannot be completely cured, the symptoms can be progressively alleviated with appropriate treatment. Early intervention can positively influence the course of the disease and improve quality of life in the long term.

When does surgery make sense?

Surgery is usually advisable when all conservative treatment options have been exhausted and the pain severely impacts daily life. In such cases, various surgical techniques, such as facet joint blockade or facet decompression, may be considered. These procedures aim to stabilize the painful joints and reduce pressure on the surrounding nerves.

Apex Spine: The best choice for patients with facet joint arthrosis

The Apex-Spine Spine Center in Munich specializes in spinal disorders and arthroscopic procedures. The specialists have international experience and utilize state-of-the-art medical technologies to provide precise diagnoses and customized treatment options. Through individualized treatment plans and interdisciplinary collaboration, each patient receives comprehensive care.

The clinic places particular emphasis on using minimally invasive surgical techniques to accelerate the healing process and minimize postoperative discomfort. High patient satisfaction and proven success rates are testament to the expertise and high-quality medical care provided by the Apex Spine team.

Facet joint arthrosis is a serious condition that is often underestimated. Early diagnosis and consistent treatment are crucial to improving the quality of life of those affected. The Apex-Spine Spine Center in Munich offers innovative therapies and individualized treatment approaches tailored to the specific needs of older patients.